These tax tips can help new business owners find success
Starting a business can be very rewarding. It can also be a little overwhelming. From business plans to market strategies, and even tax responsibilities…there are many things to consider. Here’s what new business owners can do to help get off to a good start.

• Choose a business structure. The form of business determines which income tax return a business taxpayer needs to file. The most common business structures are:
  • Sole proprietorship: An unincorporated business owned by an individual. There’s no distinction between the taxpayer and their business.
  • Partnership: An unincorporated business with ownership shared between two or more people.
  • Corporation: Also known as a C corporation. It’s a separate entity owned by shareholders.
  • S Corporation: A corporation that elects to pass corporate income, losses, deductions, and credits through to the shareholders.
  • Limited Liability Company: A business structure allowed by state statute.
• Choose a tax year. A tax year is an annual accounting period for keeping records and reporting income and expenses. A new business owner must choose either:
  • Calendar year: 12 consecutive months beginning January 1 and ending December 31.
  • Fiscal year: 12 consecutive months ending on the last day of any month except December.
• Apply for an employer identification number. An EIN is also called a federal tax identification number. It’s used to identify a business. Most businesses need an EIN.
• Have all employees complete these forms:
  • Form I-9, Employment Eligibility Verification
  • Form W-4, Employee’s Withholding Allowance Certificate
• Pay business taxes. The form of business determines what taxes must be paid and how to pay them.

Taxpayers interested in starting a business can find information for some industries on the Industries/Professions Tax Centers webpage. Each state has additional requirements for starting and operating a business. Prospective business owners should visit their state's website for info about state requirements.

More information:

• Small Business Admiration’s 10 steps to start your business.

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IRS Video Portal features tax info for small businesses and employers
Small business owners and others with tax questions can check out the IRS Video Portal to get more information on a wide range of topics. Taxpayers can visit the site to find videos and recorded webinars on topics such as:
Starting a business

• Tips for new businesses
• Business taxes for the self-employed
• Who needs to file Schedule C and how to do it?
• Things to ask an accountant
• Avoiding the biggest tax mistakes

Business income

• Business income and expenses
• Recordkeeping
• Tip reporting requirements, including the difference between tips and service charges
• Resources on IRS.gov
• Reconstructing records after a disaster

Employers

• General employment tax issues
• Employing family members
• Proper worker classification
• Tax reform basics for employers

Filing and paying taxes

• Child and daycare provider tax compliance
• Payment alternatives
• Electronic signature options

The IRS also posts videos on the portal for individuals, tax professionals, governments, and charities and non-profits. There’s also a playlist with videos in Spanish.
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​New tax law allows small businesses to expense more, expands bonus depreciation
The Internal Revenue Service reminds small business taxpayers that changes to the tax law mean they can immediately expense more of the cost of certain business property. Many are now able to write off most depreciable assets in the year they are placed into service.
The Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (TCJA), passed in December 2017, made tax law changes that will affect virtually every business and individual in 2018, 2019 and the years ahead. Among those for business owners are tax rate changes for pass-through entities, changes to the cash accounting method for some, limits on certain deductions and more.

Section 179 expensing changes
A taxpayer may elect to expense all or part of the cost of any Section 179 property and deduct it in the year the property is placed in service. The new law increased the maximum deduction from $500,000 to $1 million. It also increased the phase-out threshold from $2 million to $2.5 million. These changes apply to property placed in service in taxable years beginning after Dec. 31, 2017. For most businesses, this means the 2018 return they file next year.
Section 179 property includes business equipment and machinery, office equipment, livestock and, if elected, qualified real property. The TCJA also modifies the definition of qualified real property to allow the taxpayer to elect to include certain improvements made to nonresidential real property. See New rules and limitations for depreciation and expensing under the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act for more information.

New 100 percent, first-year ‘bonus’ depreciation
The 100 percent depreciation deduction generally applies to depreciable business assets with a recovery period of 20 years or less and certain other property. Machinery, equipment, computers, appliances and furniture generally qualify. The law also allows expensing for certain film, television, and live theatrical productions, and used qualified property with certain restrictions.
The deduction applies to business property acquired after Sept. 27, 2017, and placed in service after Sept. 27, 2017, and before Jan. 1, 2023. In general, the bonus depreciation percentage is reduced for property placed in service after 2022. See the proposed regulations for more details.
Taxpayers may elect out of the additional first-year depreciation for the taxable year the property is placed in service. If the election is made, it applies to all qualified property that is in the same class of property and placed in service by the taxpayer in the same taxable year. The instructions for Form 4562, Depreciation and Amortization, provide details.

Business owners can refer to the Tax Reform Provisions that Affect Businesses page for updates.

More resources:

• Publication 535, Business Expenses
• Publication 946, How to Depreciate Property
• Additional First Year Depreciation Deduction (Bonus) FAQs
• Tax Cuts and Jobs Act: A Comparison for Businesses

Business owners may be able to benefit from the home office deduction
Taxpayers who use their home for business may be eligible to claim a home office deduction. It allows qualifying taxpayers to deduct certain home expenses on their tax return. This can reduce the amount of the taxpayer’s taxable income.
Here are some things to help taxpayers understand the home office deduction and whether they can claim it:

• The home office deduction is available to both homeowners and renters.
• There are certain expenses taxpayers can deduct. They include mortgage interest, insurance, utilities, repairs, maintenance, depreciation and rent.
• Taxpayers must meet specific requirements to claim home expenses as a deduction. Even then, the deductible amount of these types of expenses may be limited.
• The term "home" for purposes of this deduction:
  • Includes a house, apartment, condominium, mobile home, boat or similar property.
  • Also includes structures on the property. These are places like an unattached garage, studio, barn or greenhouse.
  • Doesn’t include any part of the taxpayer’s property used exclusively as a hotel, motel, inn or similar business.
• There are two basic requirements for the taxpayer’s home to qualify as a deduction:
  • There must be exclusive use of a portion of the home for conducting business on a regularly basis. For example, a taxpayer who uses an extra room to run their business can take a home office deduction only for that extra room so long as it is used both regularly and exclusively in the business.
  • The home must be the taxpayer’s principal place of business. A taxpayer can also meet this requirement if administrative or management activities are conducted at the home and there is no other location to perform these duties. Therefore, someone who conducts business outside of their home, but also uses their home to conduct business may still qualify for a home office deduction.
• Expenses that relate to a separate structure not attached to the home will qualify for a home office deduction. It will qualify only if the structure is used exclusively and regularly for business.
• Taxpayers who qualify may choose one of two methods to calculate their home office expense deduction: 
  • The simplified option has a rate of $5 a square foot for business use of the home. The maximum size for this option is 300 square feet. The maximum deduction under this method is $1,500.
  • When using the regular method, deductions for a home office are based on the percentage of the home devoted to business use. Taxpayers who use a whole room or part of a room for conducting their business need to figure out the percentage of the home used for business activities to deduct indirect expenses.  Direct expenses are deducted in full.

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IRS launches new Tax Withholding Estimator; Redesigned online tool makes it easier to do a paycheck checkup

WASHINGTON — The Internal Revenue Service today launched the new Tax Withholding Estimator, an expanded, mobile-friendly online tool designed to make it easier for everyone to have the right amount of tax withheld during the year.

The Tax Withholding Estimator replaces the Withholding Calculator, which offered workers a convenient online method for checking their withholding. The new Tax Withholding Estimator offers workers, as well as retirees, self-employed individuals and other taxpayers, a more user-friendly step-by-step tool for effectively tailoring the amount of income tax they have withheld from wages and pension payments.
“The new estimator takes a new approach and makes it easier for taxpayers to review their withholding,” said IRS Commissioner Chuck Rettig. “This is part of an ongoing effort by the IRS to improve quality services as we continue to pursue modernization and enhancements of our taxpayer relationships.”
The IRS took the feedback and concerns of taxpayers and tax professionals to develop the Tax Withholding Estimator, which offers a variety of new user-friendly features including:

• Plain language throughout the tool to improve comprehension.
• The ability to more effectively target at the time of filing either a tax due amount close to zero or a refund amount.
• A new progress tracker to help users see how much more information they need to input.
• The ability to move back and forth through the steps, correct previous entries and skip questions that don’t apply.
• Enhanced tips and links to help the user quickly determine if they qualify for various tax credits and deductions.
• Self-employment tax for a user who has self-employment income in addition to wages or pensions.
• Automatic calculation of the taxable portion of any Social Security benefits.
• A mobile-friendly design.

In addition, the new Tax Withholding Estimator makes it easier to enter wages and withholding for each job held by the taxpayer and their spouse, as well as separately entering pensions and other sources of income. At the end of the process, the tool makes specific withholding recommendations for each job and each spouse and clearly explains what the taxpayer should do next.

The new Tax Withholding Estimator will help anyone doing tax planning for the last few months of 2019. Like last year, the IRS urges everyone to do a Paycheck Checkup and review their withholding for 2019. This is especially important for anyone who faced an unexpected tax bill or a penalty when they filed this year. It’s also an important step for those who made withholding adjustments in 2018 or had a major life change.

Those most at risk of having too little tax withheld include those who itemized in the past but now take the increased standard deduction, as well as two-wage-earner households, employees with nonwage sources of income and those with complex tax situations.

To get started, check out the Tax Withholding Estimator on IRS.gov.
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As a follow up to a blog post here a couple of weeks ago (Click here):

Illinois Secure Choice will be sending notifications to employers, who have more than 25 employees eligible for unemployment for any 30 day period, in batches between now and the end of August/beginning of September.  All Illinois employers must either have their own retirement plan or the must register for Illinois Secure Choice by 11/1/19 if they have more than 25 employees.  If an employer has their own retirement plan they would need to prove that to Illinois Secure Choice to be exempted from the program.  If they start Illinois Secure Choice and later decide they’d rather have their own retirement plan, they would need to prove that the plan is in place to be allowed to withdraw from the program.
The notification letters to employers will include an access code to register online.  Once that registration is complete the clock starts on the program for that employer.  Employers have until November 1st to begin the program, so if they don’t want to start early they should delay registering until October. 
Any employee who is over 18 and is employed 30 days or more must be registered by their employer.  When employees are registered they are automatically opted in for a 5% contribution to the retirement plan and they have 30 days to change that before it goes into effect.  Employees will be sent information packets that include instructions on creating their online account as soon as they are registered.  Employers won’t get a copy so they can’t help employees other than to direct them to Illinois Secure Choice’s employee line 855-650-6914.
Employers will transmit payroll and contribution data with each payroll and the state will withdraw it from their bank account.  They will also need to regularly update the employee list with Illinois Secure Choice.

IRS: Doing a ‘Paycheck Checkup’ is a good idea for workers with multiple jobs
WASHINGTON — The Internal Revenue Service urges taxpayers who work multiple jobs or who may be adding summer employment to complete a Paycheck Checkup. Doing so will help them check if they are having the right amount of tax withheld from their paychecks.
Checking and adjusting tax withholding as early as possible in 2019 is the best way to head off a tax-time surprise next year.
The Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (TCJA) made changes to the tax law. Among other things, the new law increased the standard deduction, eliminated personal exemptions, increased the child tax credit, limited or discontinued certain deductions and changed the tax rates and brackets. As a result, many taxpayers ended up receiving refunds that were larger or smaller than expected, while others unexpectedly owed additional tax when they filed their 2018 tax returns.
Two-income families and people with multiple jobs may be more vulnerable to being under-withheld or over-withheld following these major law changes. For 2019, a Paycheck Checkup is especially important for taxpayers who adjusted their withholding in 2018, specifcally in the middle or later parts of the year. Doing a Paycheck Checkup can help determine the correct amount of tax for each of their employers to withhold.
The IRS urges everyone to do a Paycheck Checkup as early in the year as possible so that if an adjustment is needed, there is more time for withholding to happen evenly during the rest of the year. Waiting means there are fewer pay periods to withhold the necessary federal tax.
The easiest way to do a Paycheck Checkup is to use the Withholding Calculator on IRS.gov. The Withholding Calculator can help taxpayers estimate their income, credits, adjustments and deductions more accurately and check if they have the right amount of tax withheld for their financial situation. When using the calculator, it’s helpful to have a completed 2018 tax return and a recent pay stub available.
Based on the Withholding Calculator’s recommendations, the taxpayer can then fill out and submit a new Form W-4 to their employer. In many instances, this means claiming fewer withholding allowances or having an extra flat-dollar amount withheld from their pay.
Self-employment
Some workers are considered self-employed and are responsible for paying taxes directly to the IRS. Often, this includes people involved in the sharing economy. One way to pay taxes directly to the IRS is by making estimated tax payments during the year.
TCJA changed the way tax is calculated for most taxpayers, including those with substantial income not subject to withholding. As a result, many taxpayers may need to raise or lower the amount of tax they pay each quarter through the estimated tax system.
The revised estimated tax package, Form 1040-ES, on IRS.gov is designed to help taxpayers figure these payments correctly. The package includes a quick rundown of key tax changes, income tax rate schedules for 2019 and a useful worksheet for figuring the right amount to pay.
Other situations
Anyone who had a life change, such as getting married or divorced, buying a home or having a baby should also consider a Paycheck Checkup.
Pay electroniclly anytime
Taxpayers can pay their 2019 estimated tax payments electronically anytime before the final due date for the tax year. Most taxpayers make estimated tax payments in equal amounts by the four established due dates. The three remaining due dates for tax year 2019 estimated taxes are June 17, Sept. 16, and the final payment is due Jan. 15, 2020. Direct Pay and EFTPS are both free payments options, and taxpayers can schedule their payments in advance as well as receive email notifications about the payment. Visit IRS.gov/payments to schedule electronic payments online, by phone or the IRS2go mobile app.
More information:

• Publication 505, Tax Withholding and Estimated Tax
• FS-2019-4: Tax Withholding: How to Get it Right
• Estimated Taxes
• IRS PayAsYouGo
• Self-Employment Tax, Social Security and Medicare Taxes
• Self-Employed Individuals Tax Center
• FS-2019-6: Basics of estimated taxes for individuals

And of course, You can contact GLM when you have questions.

GLM can help get you set up. There are ways you can do it and not have to learn any new software, or learn the basics of QuickBooks and allow us to set you up. You can learn more at this Blog: ​http://www.glm-accounting-bookkeeping.com/blog--podcast/just-getting-accounting-started 

IRS.gov has resources to help business owners understand taxes
National Small Business Week is a great time for business owners to check out the IRS’s online resources and YouTube videos. Here are a few of the webpages and videos in the spotlight for this year’s National Small Business Week, which runs from May 5 through 11:

IRS.gov resources
These webpages help small businesses understand their tax responsibilities.

• Self-Employed Individuals Tax Center
  This a great resource for sole proprietors and others who are in business for themselves. This site has many handy tips and references to tax rules a self-employed person may need to know. Self-employed taxpayers will find information on topics including how to make quarterly payments and self-employed tax obligations.
• Small Business and Self-Employed Tax Center
  This page features links to useful tools and common IRS forms with instructions. Taxpayers can find help on everything from how to get an Employer Identification Number online to how to engage with the IRS during an audit. A link to the IRS Tax Calendar for Businesses and Self-Employed also provides at-a-glance key tax dates for businesses.
• Sharing Economy Tax Center
  It provides fast answers to tax questions and links to forms and resources related to the sharing economy. People who are involved in the sharing economy are those who use online platforms to engage in businesses, such as renting a spare bedroom, providing car rides and providing other goods and services.

​IRS YouTube videos
The small business playlist on the official IRS YouTube channel features several videos that are short, but that pack in a lot of helpful information. The videos walk business owners through topics such as:

• Estimated Taxes
  This video covers who needs to make quarterly estimated tax payments and how people can make them. For more information taxpayers should consult Publication 505 Tax Withholding and Estimated Taxes.
• Some Taxpayers Can File their Employment Taxes Annually
  This video discusses when and how to report to the IRS employment taxes withheld from employee paychecks.
• How to Voluntarily Correct the Classification of Your Workers
  This video covers how to reclassify workers as employees who were initially considered independent contractors.
• Your Taxes in the Sharing Economy
  This video reviews the tax responsibilities of people who participate in the gig economy.

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Done with taxes this year? Use 2018 return to get 2019 withholding right 
 
WASHINGTON — Millions of taxpayers filed a 2018 tax return in the last few weeks, making now a prime time for everyone to consider whether their tax situation came out as they expected. If it didn’t, they can use their recently finished 2018 return and the IRS Withholding Calculator to do a Paycheck Checkup and adjust their withholding.
Checking and then adjusting their tax withholding can help make sure they don’t owe more tax than they are expecting. Usually they can also avoid a surprise tax bill and possibly a penalty when they file next year. At the same time, with the average refund more than $2,700, some taxpayers may choose to reduce their withholding to have a larger paycheck and smaller refund.
Now is an ideal time to check withholding, since having a completed tax return is helpful when using the Withholding Calculator on IRS.gov. Since taxpayers need to estimate deductions, credits and other amounts for 2019, having similar information from the 2018 return can make using the Withholding Calculator easier.

Who should do a Paycheck Checkup?
Though doing a Paycheck Checkup is a good idea every year, for many people, it’s even more important this year. This includes anyone who:

• Adjusted their withholding in 2018 – especially those who did so in the middle or later part of the year.
• Owed additional tax when they filed their tax return this year.
• Had a refund that was larger or smaller than expected.
• Had life changes such as marriage, childbirth, adoption, buying a home or when income changes. 

In addition, most people are affected by changes made in the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (TCJA), the tax reform legislation enacted in December 2017. These changes included lowered tax rates, increased standard deductions, suspension of personal exemptions, the increased Child Tax Credit and limited or discontinued deductions. As a result, the IRS continues to encourage people to check their withholding, even if they did a Paycheck Checkup in 2018.
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This includes taxpayers who:

• Have children and claim credits, such as the Child Tax Credit
• Have older dependents, including children age 17 or older
• Itemized deductions in the past
• Are a two-income family
• Have two or more jobs at the same time
• Only work part of the year
• Have high income or a complex tax return

Those with more complex situations may need to use Publication 505, Tax Withholding and Estimated Tax, instead of the Withholding Calculator. This includes employees who owe self-employment tax, the alternative minimum tax or tax on unearned income from dependents. It can also help those who receive non-wage income, such as dividends, capital gains, rents and royalties. The publication includes worksheets and examples to guide taxpayers through these special situations.

Sooner is better for a Paycheck Checkup
The IRS urges everyone to do a Paycheck Checkup as early in the year as possible so that if a tax withholding adjustment is needed, there is more time for withholding to happen evenly during the rest of the year. Waiting means there are fewer pay periods to withhold the necessary federal tax.

Changing withholding
Employees can use the results from the Withholding Calculator to see if they need to complete a new Form W-4, Employee’s Withholding Allowance Certificate, and submit it to their employer. In some instances, the calculator may recommend that the employee have an additional flat-dollar amount withheld each pay period. Taxpayers don’t need to send this form to the IRS after giving it to their employer.
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Those who don’t pay taxes through withholding, or pay too little tax that way, may still use the Withholding Calculator to determine if they need to pay estimated tax to the IRS quarterly during the year. Those who are self-employed generally pay tax this way. See Form 1040-ES, Estimated Taxes for Individuals, for details.